Brucea javanica.   鸭 蛋 子 Yā dǎn zǐ- "Duck egg seed"  Macassar kernels, Brucea fruit   Family: Simaroubaceae  
Brucea javanica grows naturally from Sri Lanka and India to China, Indochina, Malasia, New Guinea and Australia. Its habitat includes open areas, secondary forest and sometimes sand dunes. In Australia it grows as an understory tree from sea-level to 500 metres altitude.
PART USED: Dry ripe fruit- harvested in Autumn when fruit is ripe.
Nature: Cold   FLAVOR: Bitter   CHANNEL: Large Intestine, Liver   TOXICITY: Slightly toxic.[2] Toxic.[4]
FUNCTIONS- Strongly stimulates whole body.[3]
GROUP: Herbs that Clear Heat and Resolve Toxicity- Herbs that Kill Parasites (Anthelmintics)
1. Destroy protozoan.[1] Chronic Cold stagnation dysentery.[4]
2. Dries Damp.[1]
ACTIONS
INDICATIONS- Particularly good for malaria due to protozoans.[4]
1. Amoebic dysentery.[3] Malaria.[1] Chronic diarrhea.[1] Dysentery,[1,4] for chronic or recurring.[4]
2. Malaria with symptom of intermittent fever and chills.[4]
3. External application for corns and warts as an ointment.[3,4] Hemorrhoids- External treatment of veins.[1]
CONTRAINDICATIONS: Because it stimulates the gastro-intestinal tract, overuse can create vomiting, abdominal pain, mild diarrhea or sensations of heaviness in the abdomen. Contraindicated in pregnancy.[3] Those with ulcer or chronic gastritis should take this herb with great care.[2] Spleen or Stomach deficiency, or where there is nausea or vomiting.[4] Use with caution during pregnancy and in children.[4] This herb can injure the stomach, intestines, liver and kidneys. It should not be taken long term or in large doses.[4]Those with gastrointestinal bleeding, liver or kidney diseases should not be given this herb.[4]
TOXICITY: Large doses of this herb can cause marked vasodilation in the viscera to the point of hemorrhage.[4]
COMBINATIONS
- Dysentery. Can use by itself or combine with Bai tou weng.[3]
- Dysentery; especially amebic of protozoan, use with Bai tou weng, Huang bai and Huang lian.[4]
PREPARATIONS: Dry ripe fruit  0.5-2 g.[2] For children- 1 fruit per year old.[3] 10-15 fruit- for malarial disorders, or 10-30 fruit for dysenteric disorders.[4] This herb is exceedingly bitter and stimulates the stomach to the point that it may cause nausea, pain, and diarrhea. It is therefore not used in decoctions. When taken internally it is either placed in capsules on inside Dimocarpus longan fruit- Long yan rou.[4] Good quality is hard, solid, and white with an oily texture.[4]
Taken with dried fruit of Longan- 1.5-4 g for each dose. For external purposes, a suitable amount may be used.[1]

     
- Warts- crush fruit and sqeeze oil out- careful not to tough good skin.[3]
DESCRIPTION: Shrub or tree. Young branches; hairy. Leaves; compound 2-4 cm long, consisting of five to eleven egg-shaped, tapered leaflets with pointed tips and coarsely toothed margins, 7.5 cm long, softly hairy. Blooms; flowers purple, small.
References
Inner Path can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Constituents
Research

Phytochemical and biological activities of an anticancer plant medicine: Brucea javanica.
Zhao L, Li C, Zhang Y, Wen Q, Ren D.
Abstract
In this review, the literature data on recent advances of the medicinal plant Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. (Simaroubaceae), both phytochemical and biological investigations, are compiled. Brucea javanica is an evergreen shrub distributed widely in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. In China, the seeds of Brucea javanica have been used as traditional herbal medicine due to its multifaceted activities. To date, 153 compounds have been reported from the seeds and aerial parts of Brucea javanica. Quassinoids are the main constituents of this species. The extract of Brucea javanica and the isolated compounds especially quassinoids exhibited various biological properties, such as antitumor and antimalarial effects.
PMID: 24066797 Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2014 Mar;14(3):440-58. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

The Efficacy of Brucea javanica Oil Emulsion Injection as Adjunctive Therapy for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Wei Xu, Xinchan Jiang, Zhengyuan Xu, Tong Ye, and Qionghua Shi
Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection (BJOEI) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during chemotherapy. Method. Electronic database of EMBASE and PubMed and the conference proceeding of ASCO, CNKI, CBMdisc, VIP, and Wanfang database were searched to select RCTs comparing BJOEI plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone in the treatment of advanced NSCLC, until June 1, 2016. Two reviewers independently performed the analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 12.0 were employed for data analysis. Result. Twenty-one studies including 2234 cases were included. The pooled result indicated that there were significant differences in ORR (; 95% CI: 1.14–1.36; ), improvement of QOL (; 95% CI: 1.63–2.15; ), nausea and vomiting (; 95% CI: 0.46–0.98; ), leukopenia (; 95% CI: 0.52–0.75; ), but there was no difference in thrombocytopenia (; 95% CI: 0.49–1.23; ). Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s test indicated that no publication bias was found. The sensitivity analysis suggested the stability of the pooled result. Conclusion. The addition of BJOEI can enhance efficacy, improve QOL, and decrease incidence of nausea and vomiting and leukopenia for advanced NSCLC patients. However, higher quality RCTs are needed to further confirm this finding.
Volume 2016, Article ID 5928562, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5928562 Volume 2016, Article ID 5928562, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5928562
Copyright © 2016 Wei Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received 5 August 2016; Revised 9 November 2016; Accepted 10 November 2016 hindawi.com