Water Element = Kidney and Urinary Bladder        
Kidney- Shen
Functions
1. Stores Jing
2. Foundation of Yin Yang
3. Rules the Water
4. Rules Reception of Qi.
5. Opens into the Ears; Manifests in the Hair

Kidney Yang Deficiency
Causes: Protrated chronic disease injured Kidney Yang. Chronic Spleen Yang Xu or Heart Yang Xu damages Kidney Yang. Congenital insufficiency of Kidney Jing. Excessive sexual activity exhausts Jing. Excessive physical activity. Poor nutrition or assimilation.
Signs:

General Yang Xu	Aversion to cold.. Feeling chilled. Pale face.. Cold limbs.. Lassitude.. Apathy.. Female infertility- uterus cold and infertile.
Jing Deficiency	Lumbago, lower back feels cold weak and aching.. Weakness, aching and cold in knees.. Reduced sexual drive.. Impotence.. Premature ejaculation. Sterility. Spermatorrhea.. Loose teeth. Deafness.
Yin Ye	Urinary frequency with copious clear urine. Incontinence. Oliguria and edema.. Nocturia
Spleen Yang Xu	Anorexia.. Loose stools.. Lassitude and debility.. Chronic diarrhea or "cockcrow diarrhea" (at dawn).
Pulse	Deep, weak, slow
Tongue	Pale flabby, perhaps with a thin white coat.

Associated Western conditions: Chronic nephritis. Hypothyroidism. Hypoadrenocorticism. Neurasthenia. Depression. Sexual dysfunction. Chronic lumbago.
Treatment Principle: Warm and invigorate Kidney Yang.
Points
Shenshu- Bl 23 Back Shu point of Kidney.
Mingmen- Du 4 Nourishes Yuan Qi & benefits Kidney.
Guanyuan Ren 4 Nourishes & stabalizes Kidney. Restores Yang & reinforces Yuan Qi.
Taixi- Ki 3 Yuan-source point of Kidney channel. benefits Kidney.
(JM,JR).

Kidney Yin Xu
Causes: Acute febrile disease damages body fluids. Protracted illness of Ying Xu type in another organs, such as Heart. Liver, Lung or Stomach, gradually depletes Kidney Yin. Depletion of Ki Ying by excessive sexual activity, or in women, beginning childbearing at an early age, having too many babies close together, repeated miscarriages or abortions (especially if close together). Overuse of Kidney Yang stimulants including Yang tonic herbs and coffee. Overwork for long periods without rest and lack of sleep. Hereditary.
Signs

General Yin Xu	Malar flush.. Thirst. Constipation.., with dry stools. Dark urine. Five heart hot (palms, soles & center of chest).. Night sweats.. Dry mouth.. Thirst. Low grade fever in the afternoon. Urine short and red.
Jing Xu	Aching, soreness and weakness of low back.., and knees. Aching in bones or aching in leg & heel. Tenderness. Dizziness.. Poor memory.. Nocturnal emissions with dreams. Premature ejaculation.. Spermatorrhea. Tinnitus or deafness. Heightened libido.
Pulse	Fine and rapid.
Tongue	Red with no coat, perhaps with cracks.

Associated Western conditions: Chronic nephritis. Pulmonary tuberculosis. Diabetes mellitus. Chronic low back pain. Essential hypertension. Chronic hearing problems.
Treatment: Nourish Yin, and reinforce Kidney.
Points
Taixi- Ki 3 Yuan source point of Kidney channel. Benefits kidney & pacifies Xu Fire.
Shenshu- Bl 23 Back-shu point of Kidney channel. Treats lumbago.
Zhaohai- Ki 6 Reinforce Kidney Yin & cools Heat- mainly for Xu Fire.
Yongquan- Ki 1 Reinforces Ki Yin & pacifies hyperactive Yang.
Sanjinjiao Sp 6 Meeting of three leg Yin channels.
Guanyuan- Ren 4 Reinforces Qi and Yuan Qi.
(JM,JR).

Kidney Jing Insufficiency
Causes: Chronic disease exhausts and damages Kidney Jing. Hereditary due to poor maternal nutrition during pregnancy or Kidney Xu condition of mother. Depletion of Jing by excessive sexual activity or chronic spermatorrhea. Aging, where congenital Jing is used up.
Signs

Bones	Late or incomplete fontanel closure in infants.. Slow physical development in children.. Generally poor skeletal development.. Brittle bones.. Lumbar soreness.. Weakness of knees. Poor teeth.
Brain	Slow mental development. Mental dullness. Poor memory.. Premature senility.. Dizziness. Mental retardation.
General circulation	Atrophy & weakness of feet with difficulty in walking. Failure to thrive.
Ears	Deafness.. Tinnitus..
Reproduction	Weak sexual activity.. Amenorrhea. Infertility.
Hair	Greying  or whitening of hair.. Premature hair loss..
Pulse	Deep, weak.
Tongue	Various.

Associated Western conditions: Congenital mental retardation. Dementia (senile & pre-senile). Osteoporosis.
Treatment: Reinforce Kidney and benefit Jing.
Points
Taixi- Ki 3 Yuan-source point of Kidney channel.
Shenshu- Bl 23 Back-shu point of the Kidney.
Guanyuan- Ren 4 Meeting of three Leg Yin. Nourishes & stabilizes Kidney. Reinforces Yuan Qi.
Mingmen- Du 4 Reinforce Yuan Qi & benefits Kidney.
Zusanli- St 36 Strengthens replenishment of postnatal Jing.
Dashui- Bl 11 Meeting point of bones.
Xuanzhong GB 39 Meeting point of Marrow, strengthens bones.
Herbs: Zuo Gui Wan.
(JM,JR).

Urinary Bladder- Pang Guang

Bladder Damp Heat
The signs vary depending on which Zang-Fu  disharmonies predominate.
Dampness can condense into Phlegm, and stones are caused by the action of Heat on Phlegm
Signs:

Urination	Urinary frequency.. Cloudy urine. Hematuria.. Urination with sand or stones.. Urinary urgency.. Painful urination. Continuous dripping of urine. Sudden interruption to urinary stream. Turbid urine with pus.
Tongue	Red body, yellow, greasy coating.
Pulse	Slippery and rapid.

Associated Western conditions: Acute urinary tract infections. Acute prostatitis. Urolithiasis (urinary stones).
Treatment: Clear Heat and eliminate Dakmpness by diuresis.
Points
Pangguangshu- Bl 28 Back-shu point of the Bladder channel
Zhongji- Ren 3 Front- mu point for Bladder. Aleviates Damp Heat.
Yinlingquan- Sp 9 Eliminates Damp-Heat from Lower Jiao
Sanjinjiao- Sp 6 Tranforms Dampness.
Weiyang- Bl 39 Lower He-Sea point for Sanjiao- Regulates the water passages.
Fuliu- Ki 7 Clears & cools Damp-Heat & regulates Kidney Qi.
Shenshu- Bl 23 Back-shu point for Kidney.
Xingjian Liv 2 Relieve pain in genitals & clear Heat.
(JM,JR).